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SUMMARY:Uncovering 3D variations in the temperature chemistry\, and winds 
 on ultra-hot Jupiters: Targeting multiple species with high-resolution spe
 ctroscopy
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20220908T124500Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20220908T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20241101T160823Z
UID:indico-contribution-118@meetings.aip.de
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Joost Wardenier (University of Oxford)\nUltra-hot Ju
 piters are tidally locked gas giants with dayside temperatures high enough
  to dissociate hydrogen and other molecules. Featuring sharp chemical grad
 ients and large temperature contrasts\, their atmospheres are vastly non-u
 niform. In recent years\, the wealth of data from high-resolution spectrog
 raphs such as HARPS-N\, CRIRES\, ESPRESSO and IGRINS has yielded spectacul
 ar insights into the chemical inventory\, wind profiles and temperature st
 ructures of ultra-hot Jupiters. In particular\, high-precision observation
 s with ESPRESSO were able to sample the varying Doppler shift of the absor
 ption lines in the spectrum of a transiting exoplanet.\n\nIn this talk\, I
  will present a new framework for computing time-dependent\, 3D transit sp
 ectra of exoplanets at high spectral resolution. We post-process the outpu
 t of a state-of-the-art global circulation model (the SPART/MITgcm) throug
 h a GPU-optimised Monte-Carlo radiative transfer code\, called gCMCRT. Thi
 s allows us to correctly model the millions of spectral lines that can be 
 observed with ground-based instruments\, while accounting for the complex 
 effects of thermal and chemical inhomogeneities\, wind gradients and plane
 t rotation in a unified framework.\n\nI will demonstrate that different ch
 emical species\, such as water\, CO\, and iron\, are distributed different
 ly throughout the atmosphere of an ultra-hot Jupiter\, resulting in unique
  transit signals for certain atoms and molecules. This is because thermal 
 dissociation and condensation impact the chemical composition of the daysi
 de and the nightside of the planet. I will show that our framework can qua
 litatively reproduce the time-dependent iron signal observed by Ehrenreich
 + (2020) for WASP-76b. To this end\, we either assume that iron condenses 
 into clouds on the nightside\, or that the morning limb is substantially c
 ooler than expected. \n\nIn addition\, I will illustrate how signals from 
 other species\, such as water (which is dissociated on the dayside) and CO
  (which is unaffected by temperature) can be used to bypass the inherent d
 egeneracies associated with the observation of a single species. Finally\,
  I will cover the results of our recent transit observations of WASP-121b 
 with Gemini-S/IGRINS. These observations targeted water and CO absorption 
 in the infrared\, with the objective to obtain a similar signal-to-noise r
 atio as the WASP-76b iron signal observed with ESPRESSO. I will discuss ho
 w interpreting the absorption signals of these three chemical species (wat
 er\, CO\, iron) within the same framework allows us to place important con
 straints on the 3D structure of the limb of an ultra-hot Jupiter.\n\nhttps
 ://iaus379.aip.de/event/16/contributions/118/
LOCATION:Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP) Lecture Hall
URL:https://iaus379.aip.de/event/16/contributions/118/
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